Allah Does Not Guide People Who Disbelieve After they Believed, Unless They Repent
Ibn Jarir recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "A man from the Ansar embraced Islam, but later reverted and joined the polytheists. He later on became sorry and sent his people to, `Ask the Messenger of Allah for me, if I can repent.' Then,
﴿ßóíúÝó íóåúÏöì Çááøóåõ ÞóæúãðÇ ßóÝóÑõæÇú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöíãóÜäöåöãú﴾
(How shall Allah guide a people who disbelieved after their belief) until,
﴿ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑøóÍöíãñ﴾
(Verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) was revealed and his people sent word to him and he re-embraced Islam.''
This is the wording recorded by An-Nasa'i, Al-Hakim and Ibn Hibban. Al-Hakim said, "Its chain is Sahih and they did not record it.''
Allah's statement,
﴿ßóíúÝó íóåúÏöì Çááøóåõ ÞóæúãðÇ ßóÝóÑõæÇú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöíãóÜäöåöãú æóÔóåöÏõæÇú Ãóäøó ÇáÑøóÓõæáó ÍóÞøñ æóÌóÂÁóåõãõ ÇáúÈóíøöäóÜÊõ﴾
(How shall Allah guide a people who disbelieved after their belief and after they bore witness that the Messenger is true and after clear proofs came to them)
means, the proofs and evidences were established, testifying to the truth of what the Messenger was sent with. The truth was thus explained to them, but they reverted to the darkness of polytheism. Therefore, how can such people deserve guidance after they willingly leapt into utter blindness This is why Allah said,
﴿æóÇááøóåõ áÇó íóåúÏöì ÇáúÞóæúãó ÇáÙøóÜáöãöíäó﴾
(And Allah guides not the people who are wrongdoers.)
He then said,
﴿ÃõæúáóÜÆößó ÌóÒóÂÄõåõãú Ãóäøó Úóáóíúåöãú áóÚúäóÉó Çááøóåö æóÇáúãóáóÜÆößóÉö æóÇáäøóÇÓö ÃóÌúãóÚöíäó ﴾
(They are those whose recompense is that on them (rests) the curse of Allah, of the angels and of all mankind.)
Allah curses them and His creation also curses them.
﴿ÎóÜáöÏöíäó ÝöíåóÂ﴾
(They will abide therein) in the curse,
﴿áÇó íõÎóÝøóÝõ Úóäúåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ æóáÇó åõãú íõäÙóÑõæäó﴾
(Neither will their torment be lightened nor will it be delayed or postponed.) for, the torment will not be lessened, not even for an hour. After that, Allah said,
﴿ÅöáÇøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ÊóÇÈõæÇú ãöä ÈóÚúÏö Ðóáößó æóÃóÕúáóÍõæÇú ÝóÅöäøó Çááøóåó ÛóÝõæÑñ ÑøóÍöíãñ ﴾
(Except for those who repent after that and do righteous deeds. Verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)
This Ayah indicates Allah's kindness, graciousness, compassion, mercy and favor on His creatures when they repent to Him, for He forgives them in this case.
﴿Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇú ÈóÚúÏó ÅöíãóÜäöåöãú Ëõãøó ÇÒúÏóÇÏõæÇú ßõÝúÑðÇ áøóä ÊõÞúÈóáó ÊóæúÈóÊõåõãú æóÃõæúáóÜÆößó åõãõ ÇáÖøóÂáøõæäó - Åöäøó ÇáøóÐöíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇú æóãóÇÊõæÇú æóåõãú ßõÝøóÇÑñ Ýóáóä íõÞúÈóáó ãöäú ÃóÍóÏöåöã ãøöáúÁõ ÇáÇøñÑúÖö ÐóåóÈðÇ æóáóæö ÇÝúÊóÏóì Èöåö ÃõæúáóÜÆößó áóåõãú ÚóÐóÇÈñ Ãóáöíãñ æóãóÇ áóåõãú ãøöä äøóÜÕöÑöíäó ﴾
(90. Verily, those who disbelieved after their belief and then went on increasing in their disbelief never will their repentance be accepted. And they are those who are astray.) (91. Verily, those who disbelieved, and died while they were disbelievers, the (whole) earth full of gold will not be accepted from anyone of them if they offered it as a ransom. For them is a painful torment and they will have no helpers.)