The various Stages of Fasting


Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded that `A'ishah said, "(The day of) `Ashura' was a day of fasting. When the obligation to fast Ramadan was revealed, those who wished fasted, and those who wished did not.'' Al-Bukhari recorded the same from Ibn `Umar and Ibn Mas`ud.

Allah said:

﴿æóÚóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íõØöíÞõæäóåõ ÝöÏúíóÉñ ØóÚóÇãõ ãöÓúßöíäò﴾

(...those who can fast with difficulty, (e.g., an old man), they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a Miskin (poor person) (for every day).)

Mu`adh commented, "In the beginning, those who wished, fasted and those who wished, did not fast and fed a poor person for each day.'' Al- Bukhari recorded Salamah bin Al-Akwa` saying that when the Ayah:

﴿æóÚóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íõØöíÞõæäóåõ ÝöÏúíóÉñ ØóÚóÇãõ ãöÓúßöíäò﴾

(...those who can fast with difficulty, (e.g., an old man), they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a Miskin (poor person) (for every day).) was revealed, those who did not wish to fast, used to pay the Fidyah (feeding a poor person for each day they did not fast) until the following Ayah (2:185) was revealed abrogating the previous Ayah. It was also reported from `Ubaydullah from Nafi` that Ibn `Umar said; "It was abrogated.'' As-Suddi reported that Murrah narrated that `Abdullah said about this Ayah:

﴿æóÚóáóì ÇáøóÐöíäó íõØöíÞõæäóåõ ÝöÏúíóÉñ ØóÚóÇãõ ãöÓúßöíäò﴾

(those who can fast with difficulty, (e.g., an old man), they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a Miskin (poor person) (for every day).) "It means `those who find it difficult (to fast).' Formerly, those who wished, fasted and those who wished, did not but fed a poor person instead.'' Allah then said:

﴿Ýóãóä ÊóØóæøóÚó ÎóíúÑðÇ﴾

(But whoever does good of his own accord) meaning whoever fed an extra poor person,

﴿Ýóåõæó ÎóíúÑñ áøóåõ æóÃóä ÊóÕõæãõæÇú ÎóíúÑñ áøóßõãú﴾

(it is better for him. And that you fast is better for you) Later the Ayah:

﴿Ýóãóä ÔóåöÏó ãöäßõãõ ÇáÔøóåúÑó ÝóáúíóÕõãúåõ﴾

(So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramadan, i.e., is present at his home), he must observe Sawm (fasting) that month) (2:185) was revealed and this abrogated the previous Ayah (2:184).


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