The Idolators ask for Allah's Judgment and Torment!
Allah said,
﴿æóÅöÐú ÞóÇáõæÇú Çááøóåõãøó Åöä ßóÇäó åóÜÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú ÚöäÏößó ÝóÃóãúØöÑú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãøöäó ÇáÓøóãóÂÁö Ãóæö ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò ﴾
(And (remember) when they said: "O Allah! If this (the Qur'an) is indeed the truth (revealed) from You, then rain down stones on us from the sky or bring on us a painful torment.'')
This is indicative of the pagans' enormous ignorance, denial, stubbornness and transgression. They should have said, "O Allah! If this is the truth from You, then guide us to it and help us follow it.'' However, they brought Allah's judgment on themselves and asked for His punishment. Allah said in other Ayat,
﴿æóíóÓúÊóÚúÌöáõæäóßó ÈöÇáúÚóÐóÇÈö æóáóæúáÇó ÃóÌóáñ ãøõÓóãøðì áøóÌóÂÁóåõãõ ÇáúÚóÐóÇÈõ æóáóíóÃúÊöíóäøóåõãú ÈóÛúÊóÉð æóåõãú áÇó íóÔúÚõÑõæäó ﴾
(And they ask you to hasten on the torment (for them), and had it not been for a term appointed, the torment would certainly have come to them. And surely, it will come upon them suddenly while they perceive not!) ﴿29:53﴾,
﴿æóÞóÇáõæÇú ÑóÈøóäóÇ ÚóÌøöá áøóäóÇ ÞöØøóäóÇ ÞóÈúáó íóæúãö ÇáúÍöÓóÇÈö ﴾
(They say: "Our Lord! Hasten to us Qittana (our record of good and bad deeds so that we may see it) before the Day of Reckoning!'') ﴿38:16﴾, and,
﴿ÓóÃóáó ÓóÂÆöáñ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò æóÇÞöÚò - áøöáúßóÜÝöÑöíäó áóíúÓó áóåõ ÏóÇÝöÚñ - ãøöäó Çááøóåö Ðöí ÇáúãóÚóÇÑöÌö ﴾
(A questioner asked concerning a torment about to befall. Upon the disbelievers, which none can avert. From Allah, the Lord of the ways of ascent.) ﴿70:1-3﴾
The ignorant ones in ancient times said similar things. The people of Shu`ayb said to him,
﴿ÝóÃóÓúÞöØú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ßöÓóÝÇð ãøöäó ÇáÓøóãóÂÁö Åöä ßõäÊó ãöäó ÇáÕøóÜÏöÞöíäó ﴾
("So cause a piece of the heaven to fall on us, if you are of the truthful!'')﴿26:187﴾ while the pagans of Quraysh said,
﴿Çááøóåõãøó Åöä ßóÇäó åóÜÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú ÚöäÏößó ÝóÃóãúØöÑú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãøöäó ÇáÓøóãóÂÁö Ãóæö ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò﴾
("O Allah! If this (the Qur'an) is indeed the truth (revealed) from You, then rain down stones on us from the sky or bring on us a painful torment.'')
Shu`bah said from `Abdul-Hamid that Anas bin Malik said that it was Abu Jahl bin Hisham who uttered this statement,
﴿Çááøóåõãøó Åöä ßóÇäó åóÜÐóÇ åõæó ÇáúÍóÞøó ãöäú ÚöäÏößó ÝóÃóãúØöÑú ÚóáóíúäóÇ ÍöÌóÇÑóÉð ãøöäó ÇáÓøóãóÂÁö Ãóæö ÇÆúÊöäóÇ ÈöÚóÐóÇÈò Ãóáöíãò﴾
("O Allah! If this (the Qur'an) is indeed the truth (revealed) from You, then rain down stones on us from the sky or bring on us a painful torment.'')
So Allah revealed this Ayah,
﴿æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ áöíõÚóÐøöÈóåõãú æóÃóäÊó Ýöíåöãú æóãóÇ ßóÇäó Çááøóåõ ãõÚóÐøöÈóåõãú æóåõãú íóÓúÊóÛúÝöÑõæäó ﴾
(And Allah would not punish them while you are among them, nor will He punish them while they seek (Allah's) forgiveness.)
Al-Bukhari recorded it.